Influence of Histopathological Parameters like Tumour Margins, Tumour Depth, PNI and Lymph Nodes in Prognosis of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma- A Prospective Study with 2 Year Follow up

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) are the most common type of oral cancer contributing for around 90%. The overall survival is below 50% for these patients. Various parameters or factors have been researched and evaluated for their significant importance and critical prognostic influence in newly diagnosed in patients with oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) .This study evaluates the influence of histopathological parameters like tumour margins, tumour depth, Perineural invasion (PNI), Lymph nodes to in prognosis of OSCC

OBJECTIVES: To find the prognosis of the patient based on clinic-pathological parameters like pathological Tumour Node Metastasis (TNM) Staging, histological differentiation of tumour, tumour depth, tumour margins, Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) and perineural invasion (PNI).

MATERIALS & METHODS: A prospective cohort study was performed in 25 patients with biopsy proven squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity who presented our hospital from August 2017 to June 2019. The data collected from their histopathological reports were pTNM staging, histological differentiation, depth of tumour, margins of tumour, LVI and PNI.

RESULT: Univariate analysis was applied for various Clinico-pathological parameters. Out of these parameters tumour margins greater than 5 mm had p-value 0.02, tumour depth greater than 4mm had p-value 0.012, PNI had p value 0.022 and presence of lymph nodes had a p value 0.003 which were statistically significant in affecting the prognosis of the patient.

CONCLUSION- Tumour margins, tumour depth, PNI and lymph nodes are significant in affecting the prognosis of the patient and hence all these parameters must be considered for adjuvant treatment and close monthly follow-up for 2 years.