Bacteriological Profile of Pneumonia in Children Aged up to 5 Years and their Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern in Tertiary Care Hospital, Jaipur (Rajasthan).

Abstract

Background: Childhood pneumonia is a significant problem in developing countries with a high prevalence in the community and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality .It is important to rapidly diagnosis the causes of pneumonia for early treatment and better patient outcome.

Methods: It is a hospital based single centred, Observational study, of 3 years. Culture and susceptibility were done from the Nasopharyngeal swab and Blood samples, collected from the patients falling in Inclusion criteria. The bacterial isolates were identified as per laboratory protocol .Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed by the Kirby Bauer Disc Diffusion Method as per CLSI 2019 guidelines.

Results: A total numbers of 350 Nasopharyngeal swab and Blood samples each were collected from the patients with the suspected pneumonia and cultured as per laboratory protocol .It was observed that Staphylococcus aureus (18.57%) was the predominant organism in both the sample followed by Klebsiella pneumonia (10.28%) and Streptococcus pneumoniae (4.85%).

Conclusion: Commonest bacterial aetiology of pneumonia found in our study was Staphylococcus aureus followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae in both Nasopharyngeal swab and Blood samples. The most common age group affected by pneumonia was 1month to 1years of age group and disease severity was more in children below 2 years of age group with male predominance.