Bacteriological Profile of Bloodstream Infections at a Tertiary Care Hospital

Abstract

Background: Invasion of the blood stream by microorganisms constitutes one of the most serious situations in infectious disease. Microorganisms present in circulating blood whether continuously, intermittently, or transiently are a threat to every organ in the body. Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of microorganisms vary depending upon the geography and the use of antibiotics. The

Aim and objective of the study was identification of bacteria that causing blood stream infection.

Methods: This ten months prospective and observational study was performed in the department of microbiology, in Tertiary care hospital, Bihar, India, on 250 blood sample of patients admitted in Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences (IGIMS), Patna, Bihar. Half ml to 10 ml of blood was drawn following strict aseptic precautions, before the start of antibiotics. Microbial detection and identification were by fully automated BACT/ALERT 3D and VITEK 2 systems, respectively.

Results: In this study the maximum positivity rate were found from the male patients with 119(63.97%) compared to female patients with rate of infection was 67(36.02%), male preponderance were observed. Out of 186 culture positive organisms, the maximum number of culture positive isolates were frequently seen in the age group of (61-80) years with the rate of 35.48% followed by (0-20 years) 46(24.73%). 186/123 total Gram negative bacterial isolates were identified in which  Klebsiella pneumoniae were the predominant organism 34(27.64%) followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa 20(10.75%), Escherchia coli 19(10.21%) respectively. Among the Gram positive isolates, MRSA 23(36.50%) which is followed by MSSA 20 (31.74%), MRCONS 11(17.46%) was the most predominant organisms.

Conclusion: In this study, blood culture was positive in a relatively high proportion of suspected cases blood stream infections. Respiratory distress chills, and hypertension were very frequently encountered, and these can be sensitive indicators for suspecting children as well as adult’s blood stream infection. Automation has higher sensitivity and specificity, and can help in significantly reducing mortality and morbidity blood stream infection.