Low Molecular Metabolites of Fungi.13, 22-Dimetoxystachibotrin from Stachybotrys Chartarum

Abstract

As a result of studies carried out in our country, information was obtained on the distribution of fungi of the genus Stachybotrys, their morphology, ultrastructure, cytology, biotechnology of cultivation on cellulose-containing nutrient media, ensiling of such solid plant waste as cotton trunk, rice straw, corn stalks.

Stachybotryschartarumproduces a number of low molecular weight compounds. A technique has been developed for the isolation and separation of the sum of extractive substances - waste products of the fungus Stachybotryschartarumgrown under laboratory conditions on various nutrient media.

Cause and formulation of the problem, purpose of the work: The purpose of the study is the selection of active local strains of micromycetes, forming 13,22-dimethoxystachibotrin and stachibotral, the study of their morphological cultural properties, the creation of a complex biological product based on promising local strains that protect against fungal phytopathogens.

Results/conclusions: Studied 3 strains of fungi of the genus Stachybotrys isolated from the rhizosphere of agricultural crops of serozem soils of Tashkent region and available in the collection of the laboratory.

As a result of studying the cultural morphological features, the identification of the strains of Stachybotryschartarumwas carried out and it was recommended to cultivate in a nutrient medium supplemented with 2% sucrose and 2% molasses.

As a result of screening the selected microorganisms, new local strains of Stachybotryschartarumwere obtained and identified with antimicrobial activity, antagonistic properties against phytopathogens and forming a wide range of 13,22-dimethoxystachibotrin and stachibotral in a liquid culture medium.

The optimal nutrient medium was selected for the selected strains (the influence of various carbon sources) and the cultivation conditions for the production of the greatest amount of 13,22-dimethoxystachibotrin and stachibotral under submerged conditions.

An analysis of the spectral data of the isolated substances and the products of their chemical transformations showed that they are all new, based on the same skeleton, consisting of 23 carbon atoms, which is a condensed system of the sesquiterpenoid of dryman with benzofuran.

Conclusion / Application. The scientific significance of the research results lies in the fact that the formation of a wide spectrum of antibiotics, more precisely 13,22-dimethoxystachibotrin and stachibotral, was noted in the culture liquid by selected local strains of the fungi Stachybotryschartarum, the results obtained make a great contribution to the development of scientific research in our republic aimed at using environmentally fresh drugs.